Our findings shed light on the efficacy of PL-M in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and the likely mechanism of action by which PL-M prevents viral entry into cells. This study established that PL-M reduces viral load and increases viral clearance in patients with mild to severe COVID-19. PL-M has a high affinity for Gal-3 and the native glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, with lactose inhibiting these interactions. Overall, PL-M inhibits SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells through Gal-3 inhibition. Due to its efficacy and tolerability, PL-M can potentially be used to treat and prevent COVID-19. However, larger-scale trials are required to prove the therapeutic feasibility and effectiveness of PL-M against COVID-19.
